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Training talk for seabird and cetacean spotter volunteers to belong
 to the Canary Islands Seabird and Cetacean Watching Network

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Good afternoon, everyone and welcome

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To this new shared science event

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Specifically, the 22nd of this course

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And well, today we have with us Patricia

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And some colleagues who will come now as well
to talk to us about the CETAVIST project

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Well, I'm won't say anything else

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She'll be the one to present it

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I just wanted to, besides thanking you for your presence

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I would also like to thank the rapporteur who had this space reserved in advance

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Which he gave us for last minute reasons

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Well, I'll leave you with Patricia
Who is going to explain what the project is all about

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And then the other two rapporteurs will come in to talk about cetaceans and seabirds

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Enjoy

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Hello, good afternoon 
thank you, Tania

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Well, as I was saying, my name is Patricia

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My colleagues, Marcel and Cristi, who will be presenting the part 
on sighting and species identification

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Of seabirds and cetaceans

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And I am going to start with a little introduction of what the project is about

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Before I start I would like to thank, of course, the dean of the faculty

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Mr. Melchor González Dávila, the shared sciences team

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To Bellina, of course, and Tania

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And, also, to the rapporteur Vicente Benítez

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Because he has given us his talk and hour of lecture

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Well, CETAVIST is the name of the project

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That we have chosen for the whale and seabird watching network in the Canary Islands

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The main director of the project is Natacha Aguilar de Soto

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Doctor of the Department of Animal Biology of the 
Faculty of Biology of the University of La Laguna

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The project's main goal and aim is to study the population distribution 
of cetaceans and seabirds among the Canary Islands.

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For this, we needed to make an agreement with the shipping companies

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In such a way that the network of volunteers that we would like to form here

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And on which we already count

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Could travel between islands free of charge

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In exchange for taking data from a privileged area

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From the bridge, most of the time

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Currently, we already have a confirmed agreement with Armas and Fred Olsen

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And in the pipeline, we have Acciona Transmediterránea and

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Some private boats that are in charge of whalewatching

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Especially in Tenerife

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This is still in the pipeline, and you will be notified by mail as they are confirmed

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Another factor that was important for the methodology was to have a network of volunteers

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Since the project does not have any funding at the moment

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And we need this network of volunteers who are observers

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Who on a voluntary basis, and previously trained by means of lectures

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On the identification of cetaceans and seabirds
like the one we are holding here today

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Will go sighting and taking data during the journeys between the islands

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Will be able to travel between islands for free

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And, of course and most importantly

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Have the experience of doing sighting and species identification

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 Of cetaceans and birds

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Which, at the end of the day, is the experience that moves us and
 what makes us part of this volunteer work

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Well, what do we have to do as volunteers?

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If we are already part of the volunteering

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First of all, as we have just said

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It is the attendance of training talks
like the one here today

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A list is being passed around

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for you to write down all the information we need to 
order tickets and make reservations for the boats

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And, within the data we ask for

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We need the email address

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You will receive an email with an invitation to a Dropbox folder

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Where they will find a series of essential and fundamental documentation

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For the volunteering thing

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On the one hand, we will find an Excel calendar

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Where they will be able to sign up for the journeys, days and dates,
that everyone can

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It is essential to write down here your name and surname, the route
 and the time you want to travel

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It is important to bear in mind that only a maximum of two volunteers can 
travel on the same journey at the same time

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On the other hand, in the Dropbox folder, there is a form for data collection

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Which is the field template

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We have it here, later we will see it in more detail

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Y una carpeta de metodología donde aparecen
los protocolos de como rellenar esta plantilla

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And how to act on board

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Which is also quite important

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And another folder on species identification where we are going to post them

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The lectures that we'll be giving here

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So that you can consult them as a reminder whenever you need them

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No one expects that, from this lecture, you will  end up becoming experts

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Since it is quite difficult to identify species

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And what will make you a good observer will be practice

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On the other hand, once we already have the invitation to the Dropbox

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We can now sign in the calendar

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And it is very important to take into account that, in order to make the ticket reservation

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The shipping companies ask us to do it 72 hours 
before the date of embarkation

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So it is important to book your ticket one or two days prior the departure date

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The sooner, the better

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So that the person in charge of the project can consult the calendar

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And to make the booking with enough time

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Once the booking has been made and the tickets have been confirmed

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It is sent to each volunteer's email address

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And they are ready to go

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The tickets are collected on the same day

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But all you have to do is go to the window where you get the boarding passes

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And there with your ID card and certificate of residence, for those who are residents

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They will give you your boarding passes

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It is essential to have your ID card and residence certificate, 
you cannot forget them

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On the other hand, before boarding, we need to take into account the materials that 
we are going to need on board

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The data template, which is the one I have already shown you, one per journey

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So, if we are going to make a round trip, we will need two templates for each one

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Binoculars, camera for those who have one

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It is very important because it is quite difficult to identify species

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So, nothing better than a good photo to send to experts who can identify them

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A watch and a BIC pen

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Marcel will explain specifically why

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Once we go to the boat, it is important to introduce ourselves to the crew

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We will identify ourselves as CETAVIST volunteers from the sighting network

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And wait quietly until we are given permission to go on the bridge

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Normally they delay a little in giving permission until the departure and docking manoeuvres of the ship are completed

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So we wait and then we go up when they tell us to do so

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Once we are on the bridge and in the place they indicate for the observation

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It is very important to respect the indications of the crew at all times

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And we will place ourselves in a place where we have a good field of observation

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Where we are not interfering with them and where we can observe perfectly

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If there are two volunteers travelling, it is important that 
they divide the areas between them

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From bow to stern, one will be on the starboard side and 
the other on the port side

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This way you cover a larger area

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During the trip, we will be monitoring the sighting and filling in the template

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Once the trip is over, the most important thing is that you contact the CETAVIST staff

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Shortly after the trip for the personal delivery of the forms

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You are asked to hand it in personally

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Because it is important, especially at the beginning

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As I have already said, it is quite difficult to identify the species

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You can give us as many details as you can remember

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We insist that you write down any details that you can 
observe so that you don't forget them

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Even those who can, if they are good at it, draw a picture or whatever

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So that once they get together, they can manage to identify the species together

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We insist that, especially at the beginning, species identification is complicated

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And that this does not lead them to say that a dolphin is spotted when they are not really sure

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It is better that they say probably spotted dolphin or probably striped dolphin 
than that they give false data

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And it can lead to mistakes

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So, at first, be humble when taking data

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Take as much detail as possible, which is what we are most interested in

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Here is what part of the template looks like in detail

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I will briefly explain how to fill in each of the sections

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But, anyway, in one of the Dropbox folders

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There is the protocol of how to fill in the template

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We recommend, especially for the first few outings

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To be well prepared for the sighting at the sea

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Consult the protocols, go over the presentations

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And bring everything prepared so that you don't have any problems

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Here at the beginning, just write down the date, the names of the observers

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The boats on which you are travelling on each of the shipping lines

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The route they are travelling on and any comments you consider important

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In this template, which I think is already updated in the Dropbox folder as this one is old

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It is also important to place the dominant wind

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That is to say, the one that dominates at that moment in the region, in the Canary Islands

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You can ask the crew about this without any problem

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As they are usually very friendly and willing to help you with anything you need

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And if not, you can check the weather forecast in advance

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Now let's take a look at the wind rose that we will see at the end of the trip

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And we will fill in the atmosphere

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We will write down the times when we leave the boat and the times when we start sighting

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Sometimes these times do not coincide

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Because of the time we wait to get on the bridge or to be placed in the right place

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It is important to note both the time of departure, when the ship leaves the port

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The time at which we start the sighting

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Data is collected every 20 minutes

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And it is also important to note the time at which the sighting was just completed

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The latitude, lenght, course and speed of the boat

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We will ask the crew to tell us where the GPS is located

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Where all this data is located
so that every 20 minutes we can go there without disturbing them

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And know where to collect that data and write them down

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As I said, every 20 minutes and every time there is a change in the environment

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In all other environmental conditions

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Any doubt you can ask, if it is not all in the protocol.

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We go on to see if the visibility is high, medium or low

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Above all by looking at the horizon and seeing if it is clear or sharp

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Or maybe because of the haze or whatever there is poor visibility

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Coverage refers to the percentage of clouds

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that we have in the sky during the journey

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Which is very important because of how the light hits

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Whether or not the sunlight produces reflections that can make sighting difficult

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The cover, the sea

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Within the methodology folders you will find the Douglas Scale

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Where, especially at the beginning, you can write it down as an aid on either side

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Which indicates the state of the sea according to the determined scale

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In this case, it can be 0 if the sea is as smooth as a plate

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1 if there are minimal wavelengths

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2 if there are already small waves without wavelengths

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3 with small wavelengths, and so on until

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The conditions are specified

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The groundswell is set as high, medium or low

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And it refers to the direction of the waves on the high seas

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At first, we can also consult the crew until we can do it ourselves

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And the direction of the wind that is produced depending on the direction of the waves

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This will tell us where the waves are coming from

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What I said before about the prevailing wind is that it is the one that is found in our region

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But with the island effect and the different paths of the boats, 
different wind currents are formed

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Which we would like you to point out there as it is sometimes essential

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I would also like to comment on the wind rose

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which is used mainly to make it easier and more graphical to see the course of the animals

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That is to say, here we place the course of the ship

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We start with the vertex, and we point an arrow at the direction it is heading to

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Either 225 or 270

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And then, we will place the course of the animals, which we can put on the outside

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Assuming that the sightings are numbered

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With a dot according to the reference we have from the boat

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And an arrow indicating the way they are heading

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If the course is variable and we don't quite know where they are heading to

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Sencillamente lo indicamos con puntos

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As well as the wind direction

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At first, this is the most important thing about the sightings,
 they will be commenting on them

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As they give the talk on species identification

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And for my part, if they have any doubts

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Now Marcel continues

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Good morning, everyone and sorry for the delay

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It's not our fault, it tends to happen

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I will talk mainly about the part of seabirds

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Which, I understand is the most complicated and least attractive

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I know that many of you are here to travel for free or to see cetaceans

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But you will hardly think about seeing seabirds

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I will try with this lecture that, if you do, you learn

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And see that it is possible to identify them, even if we are on a super-fast ferry

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It is possible
you are in a privileged place so take advantage of it

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The talk is divided into two parts, the first part is the methodology

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It's the heaviest part, but we'll try to make it more enjoyable

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And the second one is pure identification

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It is a bit less heavy because, at least, there are pictures

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I ask you to interrupt me in case of any doubt

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Don't cut yourselves off. If I don't see you, insist, shout or stand up

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Because in the methodology, some things are related to others

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And if we don't understand one thing, it will be more complex

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First of all, the previous considerations

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Why we are here and why we have set up this project

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Mainly because there are gaps in knowledge

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For my part, the seabirds, which are very important

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And cetaceans as well

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We don't know very well how birds and cetaceans are distributed in the Canary Islands

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There are some previous studies, approximations

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Especially on some specific species

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But in general terms, not much is known

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With this large-scale project, with a lot of people, both in Tenerife and here

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We intend that the when and the where

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Is whenever we can

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And on as many islands as we can

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In other words, to extend our study area to the whole of the Canary Islands and 
obtain more global data and a truer picture of the activity of the species.

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00:20:23,550 --> 00:20:25,440
And now, we will see the how

236
00:20:27,440 --> 00:20:31,080
This is the form that Patri showed you

237
00:20:31,610 --> 00:20:36,750
What we will try to do is to explain how to fill in each field

238
00:20:36,880 --> 00:20:40,670
What you find in the protocol, but explained a little bit more

239
00:20:40,890 --> 00:20:47,400
So that you don't find yourselves alone at sea with doubts

240
00:20:47,610 --> 00:20:49,400
Am I doing this right?

241
00:20:49,680 --> 00:20:53,230
Well, here is a useful guide to get it right

242
00:20:54,590 --> 00:20:56,670
First of all, about seabirds

243
00:20:57,020 --> 00:21:00,380
Let's just say it's not the same thing to spot...

244
00:21:00,780 --> 00:21:04,680
Well, are you familiar with the seabirds of the Canary Islands?

245
00:21:08,800 --> 00:21:13,680
Let's do three levels of experience: low, medium or high.
 Who thinks low?

246
00:21:19,470 --> 00:21:21,760
Who thinks medium?

247
00:21:25,820 --> 00:21:28,540
Who thinks they already know what they're talking about?

248
00:21:30,840 --> 00:21:32,400
Well, okay

249
00:21:32,700 --> 00:21:35,950
There are some birds called storm petrels that breed in the Canaries

250
00:21:36,090 --> 00:21:39,340
And they are very small and black, like the sea

251
00:21:39,920 --> 00:21:41,610
And another birds, which are gannets

252
00:21:41,710 --> 00:21:44,650
They are white, big and also live in the sea

253
00:21:45,020 --> 00:21:47,960
Gannets are much more detectable than storm-petrels

254
00:21:48,240 --> 00:21:51,080
Because they are white and stand out

255
00:21:51,960 --> 00:21:59,130
So how do we know that one species is more abundant than the other?
knowing that one is more detectable than the other

256
00:21:59,390 --> 00:22:02,600
But not because it is more abundant, but because of its size and colouring

257
00:22:03,200 --> 00:22:06,030
What we do is to limit a census band

258
00:22:06,170 --> 00:22:08,600
Here would be our boat and here would be the horizon

259
00:22:09,160 --> 00:22:12,190
And this would be our census band of 300 metres

260
00:22:13,760 --> 00:22:17,790
Because it's a safe distance, close to the boat

261
00:22:17,900 --> 00:22:20,490
We're seeing everything that's there

262
00:22:20,920 --> 00:22:25,520
I mean, both the small dark storm-petrels and the large white gannets

263
00:22:25,870 --> 00:22:31,070
We see everything, so the detectability of both species 
at this short distance is equalized

264
00:22:33,070 --> 00:22:41,260
To trace this 300-metre band, we use the BIC pen mentioned by Patricia

265
00:22:41,520 --> 00:22:45,290
Although we can also use a pencil, the point is to use something straight

266
00:22:46,750 --> 00:22:51,980
Then, a man called Tasker, who was fond of triangles

267
00:22:52,720 --> 00:22:57,290
Invented a method that consisted of

268
00:22:57,980 --> 00:23:02,040
Creating an indentation in the pen or pencil

269
00:23:02,300 --> 00:23:04,520
By putting the end of the pen on the horizon

270
00:23:05,070 --> 00:23:11,500
The length of which would be marked by the distance we were at

271
00:23:11,630 --> 00:23:15,560
That is, we are at a distance and we know how far away the horizon is

272
00:23:15,690 --> 00:23:18,350
Therefore, we can divide all of that into sub-bands

273
00:23:18,440 --> 00:23:21,900
Starting from a stick, taking into account the perspective

274
00:23:22,170 --> 00:23:23,640
I don't know if you understand

275
00:23:23,930 --> 00:23:25,820
Is this understood?

276
00:23:26,060 --> 00:23:27,660
No

277
00:23:29,200 --> 00:23:32,320
Okay, you are more honest thanl in Tenerife

278
00:23:34,640 --> 00:23:36,200
There we have the horizon

279
00:23:36,350 --> 00:23:37,980
This is sky and this is sea

280
00:23:38,160 --> 00:23:44,410
Then, our pencil has a notch that we have made from the height at which we are

281
00:23:44,780 --> 00:23:49,360
That is to say, the 300 meters, if we are in a 2 meter boat

282
00:23:50,090 --> 00:23:53,310
Will we see it closer or further away from the horizon?
What do you think?

283
00:23:54,010 --> 00:23:56,250
Compared to a 20-metre boat

284
00:24:02,650 --> 00:24:08,060
As 50% say further away and 50% say closer, I assume they are saying randomly

285
00:24:08,430 --> 00:24:13,840
So if we are in a 2 metre boat, the 300 band will be closer to the horizon

286
00:24:14,030 --> 00:24:15,680
Because we have less field of vision

287
00:24:16,080 --> 00:24:18,350
We are on a 20 meter high boat

288
00:24:18,560 --> 00:24:22,760
The 300 band will be closer to us and farther away from the horizon

289
00:24:23,020 --> 00:24:25,320
Because our field of view will be larger

290
00:24:29,130 --> 00:24:34,440
From this, and from the following table

291
00:24:34,720 --> 00:24:37,850
On the one hand, we have the height we are at

292
00:24:38,140 --> 00:24:39,850
The bandwidth we want

293
00:24:40,190 --> 00:24:43,290
Which, in our case, will be mainly 300

294
00:24:43,950 --> 00:24:44,680
And we search

295
00:24:44,880 --> 00:24:48,090
I'm on a boat, on the Bencomo where we came here on today

296
00:24:48,330 --> 00:24:53,340
14 meters, and the 300 band is 3,3

297
00:24:54,410 --> 00:24:56,920
3.3 what? You may ask

298
00:24:57,820 --> 00:25:02,190
3.3 centimetres that I leave here where I make the notch

299
00:25:03,000 --> 00:25:04,280
Do you understand now?

300
00:25:05,210 --> 00:25:07,870
I hadn't shown you the chart, of course

301
00:25:08,220 --> 00:25:10,810
You should have started there

302
00:25:12,810 --> 00:25:14,840
So, to make it even more complicated

303
00:25:14,920 --> 00:25:18,680
Because otherwise, it would be very easy

304
00:25:19,260 --> 00:25:23,500
What we do is to divide the 300-meter band into sub-bands

305
00:25:23,790 --> 00:25:25,950
Which are these, A, B, C and D

306
00:25:26,140 --> 00:25:30,160
These sub-bands are 50 meters A and B, and 100 meters C and D

307
00:25:30,280 --> 00:25:38,620
In width, so that it adds up to: 50 and 50, 100; 100 and 100, 200; 100 and 200, 300; which is the whole band

308
00:25:39,020 --> 00:25:42,540
That we have delimited with the pen or pencil

309
00:25:43,580 --> 00:25:45,610
So, what shall we do in this band?

310
00:25:45,690 --> 00:25:47,610
All the birds we see

311
00:25:48,360 --> 00:25:51,100
We'll assign them a sub-band

312
00:25:51,470 --> 00:25:54,000
Except for the ones flying, that's where you can see it

313
00:25:54,250 --> 00:26:00,560
Which, obviously, if we're sailing like this and the bird crosses 
perpendicular to the boat, it crosses all the bands.

314
00:26:00,890 --> 00:26:03,760
It comes up here, flies through the bow and it goes that way

315
00:26:04,140 --> 00:26:06,800
It's impossible to say which sub-band it was on

316
00:26:07,840 --> 00:26:10,300
But the birds that are standing or hovering

317
00:26:10,480 --> 00:26:16,230
Hovering means feeding around a point, interacting with some other species or a cetacean

318
00:26:16,320 --> 00:26:21,130
So we can say that we saw them at one point and that point was within one of the sub-bands

319
00:26:22,920 --> 00:26:28,000
How do we delimit the sub-bands? By making other notches in the pencil or in the pen

320
00:26:30,730 --> 00:26:34,490
And here are the rest of the bandwidths you need

321
00:26:35,870 --> 00:26:40,300
I recommend different colours, otherwise it will be a mess

322
00:26:40,970 --> 00:26:45,680
So, how do we perceive the course of a bird?

323
00:26:47,200 --> 00:26:52,220
That's easy, but when you're on the boat in rough seas

324
00:26:52,400 --> 00:26:55,020
And with a stubborn officer

325
00:26:55,160 --> 00:27:00,520
TYou end up in a mess, you don't have anyone to ask, you don't have the powerpoint,
 you don't have a signal...

326
00:27:00,840 --> 00:27:03,290
And you don't know anything

327
00:27:03,710 --> 00:27:06,240
So you feel lost, but luckily

328
00:27:06,540 --> 00:27:08,220
It's quite easy

329
00:27:08,570 --> 00:27:13,920
As Patri said, and I repeat it just in case, we plot the course of the boat

330
00:27:14,300 --> 00:27:16,860
In this circle that you find on the cards

331
00:27:18,270 --> 00:27:23,390
Once we have the ship's course, when a bird comes across us

332
00:27:23,800 --> 00:27:29,870
We know what its course is

333
00:27:31,870 --> 00:27:36,520
And now comes the hard part

334
00:27:36,800 --> 00:27:41,760
And that, if you're bored, you have my permission to go

335
00:27:42,120 --> 00:27:43,610
Zero effort

336
00:27:44,480 --> 00:27:47,000
We have a methodology

337
00:27:47,150 --> 00:27:49,930
Just as I told you before  between a storm-petrel and a gannet

338
00:27:50,110 --> 00:27:52,570
There's a big difference detectability-wise

339
00:27:52,720 --> 00:27:56,570
There's also a big difference in detectability between a standing bird and a flying bird

340
00:27:56,810 --> 00:28:00,800
If we have a bird standing still with a two-meter swell, we will see it intermittently

341
00:28:01,100 --> 00:28:03,680
And if we have a bird in flight, we will see it continuously

342
00:28:03,950 --> 00:28:10,750
So, we are faced with the same problem as before, that some methodology has to be developed to avoid this bias

343
00:28:12,750 --> 00:28:16,350
So, of the birds that are either standing or fluttering

344
00:28:16,480 --> 00:28:18,350
Fluttering is what I was saying before

345
00:28:18,920 --> 00:28:23,840
They're eating around a point, interacting with some other species, or whatever

346
00:28:24,240 --> 00:28:29,690
For those, we'll put a 1 in the in or out of census column

347
00:28:30,090 --> 00:28:32,440
As long as they're in our 300-meter band

348
00:28:32,670 --> 00:28:35,850
Birds in flight, on the other hand, every 1 minute

349
00:28:36,240 --> 00:28:39,100
We will take a mental snapshot, a sweep

350
00:28:39,520 --> 00:28:40,990
From our study area

351
00:28:41,390 --> 00:28:46,270
And all flying birds that fall within that sweep, we will also give them a 1

352
00:28:46,720 --> 00:28:52,480
The ones that fly by outside that sweep that takes place every 1 minute, we'll put a 0 on them

353
00:29:01,200 --> 00:29:03,300
There's a...

354
00:29:03,530 --> 00:29:05,490
This isn't our ship

355
00:29:05,980 --> 00:29:08,450
But it'd be nice

356
00:29:08,980 --> 00:29:11,170
This is a watch

357
00:29:11,440 --> 00:29:13,860
And this is a seconds hand

358
00:29:14,560 --> 00:29:17,820
PowerPoint only has circles

359
00:29:18,460 --> 00:29:20,280
So, we start the census

360
00:29:20,500 --> 00:29:22,610
We go here, on the bridge

361
00:29:22,780 --> 00:29:28,500
With our band securely bounded, with our BIC pen

362
00:29:29,130 --> 00:29:31,660
Then we start, we press play on the watch

363
00:29:32,120 --> 00:29:35,060
And 5 seconds in, a black tern appears

364
00:29:35,300 --> 00:29:37,060
Flies past us

365
00:29:37,440 --> 00:29:41,060
And this, as it is not in the mental sweep that is done every 1 minute

366
00:29:41,490 --> 00:29:43,730
In the mental snapshot that is taken every 1 minute

367
00:29:44,440 --> 00:29:47,050
We set it to 0 out of census

368
00:29:47,300 --> 00:29:48,600
Even if it is inside the band

369
00:29:48,850 --> 00:29:52,600
But because it is flying and does not appear every 1 minute, we set it to 0

370
00:29:53,090 --> 00:29:55,200
We continue with our work

371
00:30:00,300 --> 00:30:03,400
And a baby gannet appears

372
00:30:03,640 --> 00:30:06,850
It's there, standing in the water

373
00:30:06,980 --> 00:30:09,500
And because it's standing still, it's always a 1 in census

374
00:30:10,220 --> 00:30:11,920
We keep going and it goes away

375
00:30:12,840 --> 00:30:14,800
At second 40

376
00:30:15,680 --> 00:30:17,490
We've got a Wilson's storm-petrel

377
00:30:17,740 --> 00:30:20,890
What they usually do is flit around, just flit around

378
00:30:21,960 --> 00:30:24,130
And it's flitting around inside the band

379
00:30:24,480 --> 00:30:26,370
So, it is 1 within census

380
00:30:27,400 --> 00:30:30,640
We are still at 45

381
00:30:30,960 --> 00:30:35,400
There is a  Cory's shearwater that is still, if it is still it is within census, but it is out of band

382
00:30:35,530 --> 00:30:36,860
So it is 0

383
00:30:37,400 --> 00:30:41,240
We don't even know it exists, we stick to what we have on 300 metres.

384
00:30:43,890 --> 00:30:47,800
And finally, we've alredy done a minute of census and
 we've seen a lot of things

385
00:30:47,940 --> 00:30:51,260
We've seen 5 species already, some of them interesting

386
00:30:51,690 --> 00:30:53,460
Anyway, we're 1 minute in

387
00:30:53,530 --> 00:30:57,250
So, what happens? We have to do the snapshot, the mental snapshot or sweep

388
00:30:57,480 --> 00:31:01,050
Which will say whether an observation is in or out of census

389
00:31:01,340 --> 00:31:04,020
Casually, 3 Sabine's Gulls appear in that sweep

390
00:31:04,360 --> 00:31:05,620
They are flying away

391
00:31:06,320 --> 00:31:10,260
So, as these Sabine's seagulls are flying into the band

392
00:31:10,560 --> 00:31:14,580
And they've squared off just as I was doing the 1-minute sweep

393
00:31:16,580 --> 00:31:20,260
It's in, it's out, it's in census

394
00:31:20,850 --> 00:31:22,340
Is that clear now?

395
00:31:26,560 --> 00:31:27,530
Don't lie

396
00:31:27,650 --> 00:31:30,640
What I don't get is the shake thing

397
00:31:30,810 --> 00:31:33,880
I mean, how do you do the shake, depending on your position on the boat?

398
00:31:33,980 --> 00:31:34,420
Yes

399
00:31:34,660 --> 00:31:38,570
You have 45º, so the sweep isn't changed

400
00:31:38,650 --> 00:31:39,610
Yes, exactly

401
00:31:39,780 --> 00:31:43,170
And if you have the possibility to do it around, somewhere high

402
00:31:43,210 --> 00:31:44,260
That's okay too

403
00:31:44,490 --> 00:31:46,260
You make a sweep, what happens is that

404
00:31:46,840 --> 00:31:49,320
The study area is from aft to front

405
00:31:49,640 --> 00:31:54,880
You notice here, the area starts forward, so it's not a panning sweep

406
00:31:55,040 --> 00:31:58,820
But a semi-panoramic sweep

407
00:31:59,380 --> 00:32:06,970
At the end there is a trick to do this so we don't have to realize every 
1 minute that we have to take a snapshot

408
00:32:07,480 --> 00:32:11,690
Especially in a place like the Canaries, where there really aren't many birds

409
00:32:11,780 --> 00:32:14,820
They are very interesting, but observations are rather scarce

410
00:32:14,860 --> 00:32:19,720
What I recommend is that, when you turn on a timer

411
00:32:19,860 --> 00:32:28,200
When you start a sampling and see a bird pass between minute 56 or 04 of the following minute

412
00:32:28,330 --> 00:32:29,370
Give it a 1

413
00:32:29,570 --> 00:32:38,240
Within census, because we can assume that's how many seconds your official sweep would have taken

414
00:32:38,530 --> 00:32:41,480
Your mental snapshot

415
00:32:42,080 --> 00:32:43,480
Yes?

416
00:32:47,340 --> 00:32:52,200
So, another important issue, CETAVIST's main target

417
00:32:52,460 --> 00:32:58,020
Is to map to get an accurate distribution of birds and cetaceans

418
00:32:58,410 --> 00:33:02,210
So how do we know the position of an observation? With the coordinates

419
00:33:03,040 --> 00:33:05,820
So how do we know the position if there is no observation?

420
00:33:06,320 --> 00:33:09,450
Pointing it at the start of a census and every 20 minutes

421
00:33:10,100 --> 00:33:13,900
Course changes, obviously, and at the end of a census

422
00:33:15,400 --> 00:33:21,170
This coordinate thing is very important. When it comes to making 
a report it makes things much easier not to have to deduce them.

423
00:33:21,410 --> 00:33:24,960
Dividing big chunks by four, or whatever

424
00:33:25,170 --> 00:33:28,440
But every 20 minutes, methodically, write it down

425
00:33:28,880 --> 00:33:33,480
It doesn't cost that much, the bridge is full of GPS

426
00:33:33,700 --> 00:33:39,490
And the sailors or officers will be happy to tell you where to look at the coordinates

427
00:33:41,490 --> 00:33:48,860
Finally, as far as the metoldology is concerned, there are some particular considerations written by Tasker

428
00:33:49,240 --> 00:33:52,260
For one thing, the birds associated with the ship are not counted

429
00:33:52,400 --> 00:33:54,800
This on a Fred Olsen is not so important

430
00:33:55,140 --> 00:34:04,480
This applies to a fishing boat, for example, where many birds come to eat discards

431
00:34:04,980 --> 00:34:09,930
But one day they may come across a foreigner 
 feeding bread to the seagulls

432
00:34:10,130 --> 00:34:15,480
Then, surely, other seagulls or other birds will come along, which cannot be counted

433
00:34:15,810 --> 00:34:19,890
Because the goal is to write down the natural distribution of birds

434
00:34:20,140 --> 00:34:26,090
If we are disturbing them, in any way, attracting them or disturbing them, 
throwing stones at them, that's no good to us anymore

435
00:34:27,920 --> 00:34:33,520
So, because of what you were saying about the sweep, the area that picks up

436
00:34:33,620 --> 00:34:40,080
That is, whether we've taken 90º of boat or 180º

437
00:34:40,220 --> 00:34:44,580
Depending on whether we are 2 observers, we can allow each one one side

438
00:34:44,840 --> 00:34:48,060
And on the environmental conditions. If the sea is very bad

439
00:34:48,180 --> 00:34:50,700
We won't be able to cover much area

440
00:34:50,850 --> 00:34:54,540
It's better to focus on one and try to get it right

441
00:34:58,090 --> 00:34:59,570
Tell me

442
00:34:59,570 --> 00:35:07,120
Before we move on to the species of interest, when do you start the census? 
Once you leave the port?

443
00:35:07,250 --> 00:35:07,400
Yes

444
00:35:07,480 --> 00:35:09,200
As soon as we get to the boat?

445
00:35:09,260 --> 00:35:14,580
Yes, and if you see birds inside the port, too. At least I'd be interested

446
00:35:19,810 --> 00:35:22,370
Let's start with the identification part

447
00:35:22,450 --> 00:35:30,410
Which, as I've already told you, you have to make some acts of faith 
as they are seabirds, difficult to see

448
00:35:30,770 --> 00:35:38,940
For example today we saw a Leach's Storm-petrel, which is quite common in the Canaries,
 but it flies very fast, it hides in the waves

449
00:35:39,720 --> 00:35:42,570
The boat is moving... the usual stuff

450
00:35:43,160 --> 00:35:49,480
We will divide the birds into four large groups, which we have here

451
00:35:50,000 --> 00:35:52,650
And the ones with the least experience

452
00:35:52,880 --> 00:35:59,660
They can just focus on saying which of these large groups 
the species they've seen belongs in

453
00:36:00,610 --> 00:36:04,180
As they gain experience, they can move on to other large groups

454
00:36:04,300 --> 00:36:06,180
Like storm-petrel, skua, tern or shearwater

455
00:36:06,340 --> 00:36:11,660
Genre, how would it be to distinguish between Madeira or Leach's storm petrel,
 I don't know which it is but it's one or the other.

456
00:36:12,820 --> 00:36:16,880
Manx shearwater or little? Not sure which one it is, but it sure isn't Cory's shearwaters

457
00:36:17,080 --> 00:36:22,980
And then, as they get more experienced, they'll be able to take a little bit more 
of courage to tell a species accurately

458
00:36:25,840 --> 00:36:28,210
And why no terns?

459
00:36:28,860 --> 00:36:31,610
Good question

460
00:36:31,800 --> 00:36:35,120
Because terns are very hard to identify

461
00:36:35,290 --> 00:36:39,900
Especially in the sea, with many intermediate plumages that change
 from summer to winter

462
00:36:40,170 --> 00:36:41,570
From young to adult

463
00:36:42,860 --> 00:36:48,360
And I have found that it is better for people to focus on other 
species than on terns

464
00:36:49,180 --> 00:36:58,050
But if anyone wants to know more, write to CETAVIST and I'll send you 
tern articles if you like

465
00:37:01,060 --> 00:37:02,770
Let's start with Wilson's storm petrel

466
00:37:03,530 --> 00:37:10,640
It's a bird that breeds in Antarctica and spends the summer, which is its winter,
 in the northern hemisphere

467
00:37:11,180 --> 00:37:14,640
So, there are some key characteristics to distinguish them

468
00:37:15,050 --> 00:37:18,250
We can already be sure that it is a Wilson's child if

469
00:37:18,730 --> 00:37:20,780
The legs protrude behind the tail

470
00:37:20,930 --> 00:37:23,460
 It has very long legs which you will see in the next picture

471
00:37:24,180 --> 00:37:29,050
And they look like they're hanging down, lazily

472
00:37:29,600 --> 00:37:41,650
The beak is short and hooked, and the arm, which is this part here,
 is very short compared to the hand, which is very long

473
00:37:42,660 --> 00:37:43,650
Look at this

474
00:37:44,250 --> 00:37:47,420
This is all an adaptation for this behaviour

475
00:37:48,260 --> 00:37:54,740
It flies butterfly-like, picking up bits of food floating in the water

476
00:37:55,060 --> 00:38:01,340
And it pecks at the surface with its feet, to stir up and attract what it eats

477
00:38:01,680 --> 00:38:04,200
Crustaceans, small fish...

478
00:38:07,440 --> 00:38:11,980
If you see this behaviour, it is definitely a Wilson's storm petrel

479
00:38:12,380 --> 00:38:15,420
Down here, I don't know if you see it right

480
00:38:15,860 --> 00:38:21,450
Can everybody see? Okay good, perfect, it's all set up

481
00:38:21,820 --> 00:38:31,690
Each square represents a month of the year. Blue means there are none, yellow means there are few, 
orange means there are more and red means there are a lot

482
00:38:32,300 --> 00:38:42,530
Be careful with this, as the abundance of Wilson's storm-petrels is not the same in El Hierro as it is in Lanzarote,
 where they are more abundant

483
00:38:42,810 --> 00:38:45,970
So this is a useful but not definitive guide

484
00:38:46,810 --> 00:38:50,040
Also, if you want more information, write to CETAVIST

485
00:38:53,610 --> 00:38:59,820
It's the same with the Madeira's storm-petrels, although it is especially abundant in spring and autumn

486
00:39:00,640 --> 00:39:05,760
Meanwhile, in this one we see that the arm and hand are about the same length

487
00:39:05,860 --> 00:39:15,050
I don't know if you remember the Wilson with the short arm and the long hand

488
00:39:16,600 --> 00:39:18,780
And this one, they're more or less the same

489
00:39:19,480 --> 00:39:29,400
The legs don't stick out, the tail is very square and that rump, this white part here that contrasts with the rest of the black body, 
is U-shaped, very open.

490
00:39:31,400 --> 00:39:34,780
The bill is also very straight and thick

491
00:39:35,280 --> 00:39:38,960
Use this feature to distinguish it from Wilson's storm-petrel

492
00:39:39,220 --> 00:39:45,780
But use these three to distinguish it from Leach's storm-petrel, which we'll look at now

493
00:39:45,980 --> 00:39:50,060
This is just to show you how short the legs are compared to Wilson's

494
00:39:51,280 --> 00:39:52,440
This is Leach's

495
00:39:53,080 --> 00:39:57,760
Notice the V-shaped bishopric, which I put the U-shaped one here for you to remember

496
00:39:58,520 --> 00:40:00,940
The tail is forked

497
00:40:02,940 --> 00:40:07,010
You can't see it because the sea is dark, 
I told you about its low detectability

498
00:40:07,700 --> 00:40:13,060
And the beak, instead of being straight and thick, 
is hooked and quite thin

499
00:40:15,490 --> 00:40:19,970
It is also useful to see that this species in summer months

500
00:40:20,260 --> 00:40:23,000
In fact, until mid-late September

501
00:40:23,560 --> 00:40:25,370
It is absent in Canary Islands

502
00:40:25,640 --> 00:40:29,160
Instead it is a hibernator, whereas the Madeira storm-petrel is the opposite

503
00:40:29,270 --> 00:40:35,990
If you see a specimen of one of these pairs of conflicting species

504
00:40:36,930 --> 00:40:40,480
They can be guided by ascenology, when they are in the Canaries

505
00:40:45,010 --> 00:40:50,370
I put here a picture of the guide to see it better, because I am aware 
that the picture of the storm-petrel looks pretty bad

506
00:40:50,920 --> 00:40:54,240
Note the forked tail, which is square in this one

507
00:40:54,370 --> 00:40:56,240
The V-shaped rump

508
00:40:57,320 --> 00:41:00,590
And the thicker beak on this one than on the other one

509
00:41:03,180 --> 00:41:06,000
The common storm-petrel, another species from the Canaries

510
00:41:06,960 --> 00:41:08,000
And from other places

511
00:41:10,060 --> 00:41:16,150
This bird really is like a butterfly. It keeps flapping its wings, it's very nervous 
and it has a very high metabolic rate

512
00:41:16,750 --> 00:41:23,260
And it's so nervous and active and fast, that 
this is the best picture I have

513
00:41:24,340 --> 00:41:27,980
It's key to see the white under the wing, this little stripe

514
00:41:29,020 --> 00:41:31,360
If you see that, you know for sure it's a common storm-petrel

515
00:41:31,660 --> 00:41:37,760
I put bad pictures because there is no need to carry a Reflex with a 500F 2.8

516
00:41:37,940 --> 00:41:39,930
To take pictures that work for us

517
00:41:40,160 --> 00:41:45,860
We simply need to show a key characteristic of the species, like this one

518
00:41:49,130 --> 00:41:54,350
I put this picture. This would be the band to look at

519
00:41:54,690 --> 00:41:59,850
If you remember the other paíños, you'll remember they had a
 lighter area over here, this is uniformly dark

520
00:42:00,320 --> 00:42:05,410
And the rump it's square unlike the other V or U shaped ones

521
00:42:06,110 --> 00:42:07,190
This one would be square

522
00:42:10,250 --> 00:42:14,430
Ignore the young thing here, it's something you can't know

523
00:42:15,970 --> 00:42:25,470
And last but not least, the little white-faced storm-petrel that, 
please don't fail with this one because it's white, with the tremendously long legs

524
00:42:26,050 --> 00:42:28,690
It flies around doing some very strange flips

525
00:42:29,000 --> 00:42:30,690
And it has this mask

526
00:42:31,370 --> 00:42:33,930
One of Spain's most beautiful birds without a doubt

527
00:42:34,410 --> 00:42:35,930
And, probably, of the World

528
00:42:37,120 --> 00:42:38,010
I'm not exaggerating

529
00:42:40,010 --> 00:42:43,020
We enter another large group, which are the shearwaters

530
00:42:43,170 --> 00:42:45,600
We have, on the one hand, the Manx shearwater

531
00:42:45,770 --> 00:42:47,500
A very rare species in the Canaries

532
00:42:47,580 --> 00:42:51,070
It doesn't breed in Gran Canaria, but it does in Tenerife, La Gomera and La Palma

533
00:42:53,740 --> 00:42:59,390
Basically, it's a torpedo-shaped bird, shaped like a missile that flies super fast

534
00:43:00,160 --> 00:43:03,170
And it's hard to notice when it just flies past you

535
00:43:03,270 --> 00:43:10,480
You pass a Manx shearwater and you're not sure if you've been hit by a car or if you've seen Jesus

536
00:43:12,180 --> 00:43:17,800
So, one key thing to remember is that, the level of coloration

537
00:43:17,920 --> 00:43:20,740
Its eye is in the middle of a black area

538
00:43:21,080 --> 00:43:25,260
Although the white comes up behind here, the eye is always surrounded by black

539
00:43:25,740 --> 00:43:30,040
On the coloring level as well, we see that the upper parts are uniformly dark

540
00:43:30,150 --> 00:43:32,790
And the lower parts are uniformly white

541
00:43:32,910 --> 00:43:36,990
In short, underneath is white and above is black

542
00:43:38,780 --> 00:43:43,010
Finally, this idea of a torpedo, of a powerful and fast animal

543
00:43:43,570 --> 00:43:46,960
It causes it to have a sort of hump up here

544
00:43:47,220 --> 00:43:51,570
It looks pretty good, the hump pushes the head and they're always looking down

545
00:43:54,000 --> 00:44:01,240
Remember these things for, probably the most important bird in this study,
 which is the little shearwater

546
00:44:08,480 --> 00:44:15,710
If you remember the little shearwater, this one had uniformly dark upperparts, 
the little shearwater has these two bands

547
00:44:16,120 --> 00:44:17,710
Here and here

548
00:44:17,910 --> 00:44:19,940
Which in the distance look like a clear panel

549
00:44:20,660 --> 00:44:23,660
And, on the other hand, their eye is in the middle of a white face

550
00:44:24,310 --> 00:44:25,570
Remember the shearwater...

551
00:44:26,250 --> 00:44:29,730
The applause is going to sound again

552
00:44:31,110 --> 00:44:34,050
The eye is surrounded by black

553
00:44:34,650 --> 00:44:37,010
And above it is dark, you have to believe me

554
00:44:38,650 --> 00:44:39,820
Whereas this one is not

555
00:44:42,800 --> 00:44:45,610
On the other hand, structure-wise

556
00:44:46,200 --> 00:44:51,020
We see that, this photo, despite being as bad as the one of the common storm-petrel

557
00:44:51,130 --> 00:44:56,820
It shows a character that already allows us to know that it is a shearwater and not a Manx, as it has its head up

558
00:44:56,880 --> 00:45:00,890
Remember that the chick, because of its hump and its musculature

559
00:45:01,200 --> 00:45:08,080
Her head is always looking out to sea, while this one, like the Canary Islander 
species that it is, has her head held high

560
00:45:09,050 --> 00:45:14,130
The wings are arched, that is, when viewed from behind

561
00:45:14,390 --> 00:45:17,450
If we cut a small shearwater on its side, we can see it from the back

562
00:45:17,630 --> 00:45:21,900
The wings would be in the shape of a C, facing downwards

563
00:45:22,340 --> 00:45:26,210
This is very useful as the little shearwaters are a very elusive species

564
00:45:26,640 --> 00:45:29,170
They tend to escape when they see a boat

565
00:45:29,290 --> 00:45:34,380
So, it's common to see a little shearwater from behind, so it's very useful to know that it has this C shape

566
00:45:34,830 --> 00:45:40,380
If we were to see a pied shearwater in the same behaviour, it would have an inverted V-shape

567
00:45:41,100 --> 00:45:44,240
Or, even, straight if she goes with her wings fully extended

568
00:45:44,470 --> 00:45:46,240
Not for the little, which has them arched

569
00:45:50,070 --> 00:45:55,570
This is one of the main targets of CETAVIST because absolutely nothing is known about this species

570
00:45:55,690 --> 00:45:59,230
In the Azores they have started to study them, putting GPS on their backs and so on

571
00:45:59,490 --> 00:46:03,580
Looking at stable isotopes, pollutants in plumes

572
00:46:04,040 --> 00:46:08,340
Stomach content to study what their diets are like... they're getting a little bit of a blind-spotting

573
00:46:08,450 --> 00:46:12,170
So anyone discovers anything about what this species does during cold seasons

574
00:46:12,420 --> 00:46:13,740
It's very endangered

575
00:46:14,470 --> 00:46:20,630
It is very vulnerable to the introduction of rats or cats into breeding colonies

576
00:46:21,230 --> 00:46:23,880
And so we have to be careful about that

577
00:46:24,530 --> 00:46:27,830
Any data of this species is worth its weight in gold

578
00:46:28,150 --> 00:46:33,680
So try to make sure, I mean, that it is in fact a little shearwater, with photos if possible

579
00:46:34,420 --> 00:46:42,470
And when you see a shearwater or a candidate, try to write down as much information as possible

580
00:46:42,710 --> 00:46:48,250
I mean, its behaviour, whether it was flying or associated with a fishing boat

581
00:46:48,650 --> 00:46:51,450
If she was bothered by a skua, which we will now see

582
00:46:52,290 --> 00:46:57,270
Anything, even if they can point out the current bathymetry, whatever

583
00:46:59,270 --> 00:47:02,600
Any questions at the moment with this?

584
00:47:02,930 --> 00:47:04,600
Ok

585
00:47:05,640 --> 00:47:10,750
And, the Cory's shearwater, everybody knows it

586
00:47:10,950 --> 00:47:14,980
At CETAVIST we count neither Cory's shearwaters nor great black-backed gulls.

587
00:47:15,150 --> 00:47:17,720
The genus Larus, such as the Yellow-billed

588
00:47:17,900 --> 00:47:24,210
Because they are so extremely abundant that it would divert our attention
 from other species of which virtually everything is unknown

589
00:47:25,400 --> 00:47:32,250
If you go to Tenerife in July you will probably see a lot of Cory's dolphins 
in the channel between Tenerife and Gran Canaria

590
00:47:32,340 --> 00:47:35,250
Thousands, eating, next to dolphins

591
00:47:35,780 --> 00:47:40,640
And don't count them, unless you see something extremely unbelievable

592
00:47:40,890 --> 00:47:42,020
Don't count them

593
00:47:43,420 --> 00:47:45,300
You wouldn't have time for anything else

594
00:47:45,620 --> 00:47:46,780
Not even to drink water

595
00:47:47,780 --> 00:47:49,780
And we go back to the skuas

596
00:47:50,530 --> 00:47:54,270
We have the big skua, we saw one today between Tenerife and here

597
00:47:55,000 --> 00:48:00,760
One of the key things about it is that it's big

598
00:48:01,090 --> 00:48:05,820
And another one is that the base of the primaries, which are these larger feathers, is white

599
00:48:05,960 --> 00:48:12,910
It's got some white flashes and notice that, not only is the barrel of the boom white,
 but part of the valves are white as well

600
00:48:13,640 --> 00:48:18,180
This is important to compare it with the pomarine skua

601
00:48:18,890 --> 00:48:23,550
And notice, also has a target on the primaries, but only on the barrel

602
00:48:24,570 --> 00:48:27,850
This would be a light morph pomarine

603
00:48:29,070 --> 00:48:30,730
And this would be a parasite

604
00:48:31,190 --> 00:48:34,960
Which also has the same roll, white on the wings but only on the barrel

605
00:48:35,260 --> 00:48:39,100
So, how do we identify the large skua from these two skuas?

606
00:48:39,320 --> 00:48:40,440
Parasite or pomerine

607
00:48:41,180 --> 00:48:46,160
Firstly, because of the size and, secondly, because the large skua has white on the feather

608
00:48:46,320 --> 00:48:48,440
And the pomerine and parasite just in the barrel

609
00:48:49,670 --> 00:48:52,630
So, how do we tell a parasite from a pomerine?

610
00:48:52,790 --> 00:48:55,720
Because the parasite has a pointed tail

611
00:48:56,400 --> 00:48:58,780
whereas the pomerine has a rounded tail

612
00:49:00,190 --> 00:49:03,990
You'll say, Marcel, this bird has a yellow collar

613
00:49:04,670 --> 00:49:09,100
And this bird is totally black. That's because each species has two morphs

614
00:49:09,370 --> 00:49:12,160
There you have a light pomarine, like the one in the picture

615
00:49:12,450 --> 00:49:18,450
And a dark parasite, like the one in the picture, but be aware that 
there are also light parasites and dark pomarins

616
00:49:19,370 --> 00:49:23,660
This makes ecological sense, as it depends on the area in which they breed

617
00:49:23,820 --> 00:49:25,660
They feed on one thing or another

618
00:49:25,970 --> 00:49:29,440
Parasitic skuas breed in two types of habitat: tundra and tundra

619
00:49:29,700 --> 00:49:31,920
In Varanguer or even Siberia

620
00:49:32,090 --> 00:49:33,920
Where they eat lemmings in breeding season

621
00:49:34,210 --> 00:49:40,410
Or the cliffs of Scotland or Iceland, where they feed during the breeding season
 by chasing tridactyl seagulls to steal their fish

622
00:49:41,420 --> 00:49:46,030
So, if you live on a dark cliff, it's quite useful to be dark

623
00:49:46,430 --> 00:49:49,910
But if you live in an environment where you have to hunt from top to bottom

624
00:49:50,630 --> 00:49:55,030
And you don't want the lemmings to see you, it's very useful to be clear underneath

625
00:49:55,190 --> 00:49:57,030
Just like fish

626
00:49:57,310 --> 00:50:00,150
The same goes for the pomarine skua

627
00:50:01,300 --> 00:50:08,060
However, the pomarine tends to breed more on the tundra, as very few breed in cliff areas, only 4%

628
00:50:08,630 --> 00:50:11,260
They are dark, while 96% are light

629
00:50:11,440 --> 00:50:16,820
On the other hand, with the parasite, which is more even, 
40% are dark and 60% are light

630
00:50:19,120 --> 00:50:23,910
You can also identify them by their behaviour

631
00:50:24,220 --> 00:50:31,410
Skuas chase gulls, gannets or shearwaters to steal their food, which they are 
unable to catch, they are super useless

632
00:50:31,600 --> 00:50:35,600
But they are very good at stealing food, like real pirates

633
00:50:37,070 --> 00:50:38,560
Finally, we reach the terns

634
00:50:39,270 --> 00:50:43,060
Which, in this case is the common tern, much easier to see here

635
00:50:43,230 --> 00:50:45,930
Although they are also arctic, roseate and black-necked terns

636
00:50:46,380 --> 00:50:48,480
So, what we see with a tern

637
00:50:49,390 --> 00:50:53,240
Well, yesterday people were telling me after the talk in Tenerife that if they see this

638
00:50:53,550 --> 00:50:56,040
In terms of shape, at least, it would remind them of a swift

639
00:50:56,230 --> 00:51:00,430
Which is right, with a forked tail, more forked than Leach's storm-petrel

640
00:51:00,690 --> 00:51:01,600
Much more

641
00:51:02,070 --> 00:51:05,390
And very thin wings, very narrow and very long

642
00:51:06,080 --> 00:51:10,710
It would be swift, it's true, but in terms of coloration they know that 
a swift is black and this one is white.

643
00:51:10,830 --> 00:51:13,950
White except for the beak, which is dark

644
00:51:15,030 --> 00:51:21,470
So, if you see this: a small bird, with long narrow wings, a forked tail 
and a dark bill, it's probably a tern.

645
00:51:22,020 --> 00:51:25,520
You can put it on and the whole world will congratulate you

646
00:51:27,520 --> 00:51:29,790
And finally, I'm done

647
00:51:29,910 --> 00:51:34,000
A few questions, for example, who here has binoculars?

648
00:51:34,950 --> 00:51:36,370
A couple of you do

649
00:51:38,630 --> 00:51:41,200
Siblings, friends?

650
00:51:41,990 --> 00:51:42,570
I mean...

651
00:51:42,710 --> 00:51:45,630
On the Peninsula, I don't think it's valid

652
00:51:45,760 --> 00:51:51,740
No, it doesn't work. The thing is, who will be able 
to bring their own binoculars to a possible shipment?

653
00:51:56,080 --> 00:51:59,200
Well, that's not bad. Does anyone have a bird guide?

654
00:52:07,870 --> 00:52:11,430
Okay, so those two things are pretty fundamental

655
00:52:11,730 --> 00:52:17,460
If you want to, not to collaborate with this project,
 but to train yourselves a little bit as scientists

656
00:52:17,620 --> 00:52:25,200
Knowledge is important and the best way to do it is with bibliography 
and with hours in the field

657
00:52:25,490 --> 00:52:28,080
Bibliography is purchased and field hours are acquired

658
00:52:28,390 --> 00:52:30,670
And with binoculars it is more fun

659
00:52:33,670 --> 00:52:35,430
And well, thank you all very much

660
00:53:34,680 --> 00:53:38,390
Well, some people from school have to leave at 13:30

661
00:53:38,670 --> 00:53:41,000
So I'm going to try to make it quick

662
00:53:47,040 --> 00:53:52,080
Well, I'm Cristi, from the university of La Laguna

663
00:53:52,260 --> 00:53:56,380
I'm going to take over the study of beaked whales, 
does anyone know what they are?

664
00:53:58,710 --> 00:54:00,350
Who else knows?

665
00:54:00,350 --> 00:54:03,110
I really like this hand-raising thing

666
00:54:04,050 --> 00:54:06,350
And what are the beaked whales?

667
00:54:06,440 --> 00:54:10,240
What is a beaked whale? How would you recognise one in the sea? 
For example, if you saw it

668
00:54:11,790 --> 00:54:22,560
Beaked whales have some of their species have fangs or teeth in their jaws, 
they can be quite skittish, large in size

669
00:54:22,770 --> 00:54:26,110
With grey to brownish tones

670
00:54:26,710 --> 00:54:33,330
Dorsal fins small, and have a blow

671
00:54:33,610 --> 00:54:36,840
No, no blow. But otherwise very good

672
00:54:38,160 --> 00:54:48,610
Let's differentiate the cetaceans by large cetaceans, which are the fin whales 
and the sperm whale. You know what the sperm whale is, don't you?

673
00:54:48,760 --> 00:54:50,140
Moby-Dick type

674
00:54:50,210 --> 00:54:52,720
Medium-sized cetaceans, and killer whales too

675
00:54:52,830 --> 00:54:55,860
Medium-sized cetaceans, including beaked whales

676
00:54:56,250 --> 00:54:59,590
Which are around 4-6 meters in length

677
00:54:59,660 --> 00:55:03,780
Bastard killer whales, even the normal killer whale

678
00:55:04,090 --> 00:55:08,480
Which, although a rare species, has been seen. In fact, we have seen it twice this year

679
00:55:08,560 --> 00:55:15,150
On El Hierro we had a very nice sighting, close by too, and the small cetaceans

680
00:55:15,650 --> 00:55:23,310
Which are the dolphins, which everybody sees and 
which interact with the boat the most

681
00:55:24,170 --> 00:55:26,190
Let's see if we can see it

682
00:55:42,960 --> 00:55:52,870
What Marcel said is very important because we are filling them with information. 
First Patri, then Marcel with the birds

683
00:55:52,870 --> 00:55:56,100
I still find it hard to assimilate the information he gives

684
00:55:56,200 --> 00:56:00,960
And now, we're moving on to the cetaceans, so it's important that you guys buy yourselves a guidebook later

685
00:56:01,130 --> 00:56:06,330
And sit at home and read it, before you go to sleep, at any time, and learn everything bit by bit

686
00:56:06,410 --> 00:56:09,110
Let them get the image of the animal here first

687
00:56:09,170 --> 00:56:14,620
Because the moment you see it in the field you will recognise them, 
without having to have seen it before, it won't be easy

688
00:56:14,920 --> 00:56:19,560
But at least they're getting some prior experience

689
00:56:20,010 --> 00:56:22,490
The binoculars thing is also very important

690
00:56:25,230 --> 00:56:27,540
Well, you could tell them about the magnification

691
00:56:28,560 --> 00:56:32,850
Yes, for the binoculars that sailors carry, they're usually 7x magnification

692
00:56:32,960 --> 00:56:36,800
7x50, but for animal observation I recommend a little bit more

693
00:56:37,750 --> 00:56:44,810
In exchange for losing field of view, make it 8x or 10x42 magnification, for example

694
00:56:44,990 --> 00:56:47,060
8x42, 10x42...

695
00:56:47,310 --> 00:56:51,420
Mostly for birds, and probably for cetaceans as well

696
00:56:55,270 --> 00:56:57,790
And as far as cameras go

697
00:56:57,840 --> 00:57:03,380
Whoever can carry one, it doesn't have to be a great camera,
 but it is important on occasion, and if they get the chance

698
00:57:03,530 --> 00:57:05,630
Whatever you see, take a picture of it

699
00:57:05,850 --> 00:57:11,830
A picture that doesn't have to be good, especially if you're on Fred Olsen and the boat can move 
and the animal is already on the stern

700
00:57:11,910 --> 00:57:14,800
But in Armas, if you can try to go in Armas

701
00:57:14,880 --> 00:57:19,360
You're going to learn more, it's going to go slower and 
you're not going to be so frustrated

702
00:57:19,460 --> 00:57:20,330
That comes first

703
00:57:20,680 --> 00:57:23,230
For example, on the Fred Olsen this morning Marcel told me

704
00:57:23,280 --> 00:57:28,400
Look, a Leach's strom-petrel, and I ran to see it but it had already disappeared

705
00:57:28,620 --> 00:57:30,400
Especially since it was a small bird

706
00:57:33,390 --> 00:57:35,450
Let's see if this opens up

707
00:57:45,680 --> 00:57:50,450
You signed up on a list, so you're going to get an invitation

708
00:57:50,550 --> 00:57:59,350
From Dropbox, and all the presentations that Patricia, Marcel and the cetacean one have shown 
are there for you to view at your leisure

709
00:57:59,710 --> 00:58:05,760
It's very summarised and partial information, so it's always better to buy a book

710
00:58:05,840 --> 00:58:08,390
It's always better to buy a good book

711
00:58:08,820 --> 00:58:11,500
Than a bad book

712
00:58:11,710 --> 00:58:13,500
There are very good books

713
00:58:14,750 --> 00:58:18,080
And remember that this isn't an obligation

714
00:58:18,370 --> 00:58:22,770
Don't say "Oh, the CETAVIST people told me I had to buy a book"

715
00:58:22,880 --> 00:58:26,850
No, obviously whoever wants to buy it should do so, although
 it's a personal recommendation

716
00:58:28,850 --> 00:58:31,090
Not just for this, but for the future

717
00:58:32,880 --> 00:58:36,830
Yes and, even if you go on the boat

718
00:58:36,900 --> 00:58:42,360
And see a bird, look through the binoculars and can't recognise it, which is what happens to me

719
00:58:42,450 --> 00:58:48,130
Try to do so other 20,000 times, because there will come a time when you will recognise a bird

720
00:58:48,650 --> 00:58:54,100
And be proud of it

721
00:59:02,980 --> 00:59:06,110
So what I was saying, let's make a difference

722
00:59:06,250 --> 00:59:09,930
To cetaceans by size, we have the small animals

723
00:59:10,030 --> 00:59:14,720
Those smaller than 4 meters, such as dolphins, Risso's dolphin, kogia and porpoise

724
00:59:14,960 --> 00:59:18,720
The medium-sized ones, like pilot whales, beaked whales... that we will see later on

725
00:59:18,800 --> 00:59:22,070
And the big cetaceans, which are the fin whales

726
00:59:22,380 --> 00:59:25,610
The humpback whale, which is not a fin whale because it has no folds

727
00:59:26,780 --> 00:59:28,560
And it doesn't have those big fins

728
00:59:29,020 --> 00:59:34,330
And the right whale, which is in a different colour because it's an animal

729
00:59:34,940 --> 00:59:41,570
That, at the time, was very heavily impacted by fishermen. It's also called the right or Basque whale

730
00:59:41,830 --> 00:59:48,820
And nowadays there are very few individuals, I think there is only one here in the Canary Islands 
from a long time ago

731
00:59:53,820 --> 00:59:56,710
What's going to be the first thing we see of each of these species?

732
00:59:56,740 --> 01:00:01,540
Generally, from fin whales we can see the blow, which is visible from a distance

733
01:00:01,950 --> 01:00:08,640
Sometimes we can see the dorsal, when we can see the back, 
and sometimes also the tail of the individual that pulls it out

734
01:00:08,880 --> 01:00:11,720
In the medium-sized ones, the small blow can be seen

735
01:00:12,350 --> 01:00:14,370
Always the dorsal, rarely the tail

736
01:00:14,730 --> 01:00:25,520
And in small individuals it's not the blow that we're going to distinguish per se

737
01:00:29,950 --> 01:00:35,820
Marcel told you that we have a census band for birds

738
01:00:35,880 --> 01:00:38,660
Cetaceans are going to cover the whole area up to the horizon

739
01:00:38,830 --> 01:00:42,740
Why do I tell you this? Because if a small cetacean is too far away 
you're not going to see it

740
01:00:42,820 --> 01:00:45,840
Unless you have binoculars and you can spot it

741
01:00:45,910 --> 01:00:48,620
But a large animal with a large blow will be seen

742
01:00:48,970 --> 01:00:52,960
And it would be lucky if the fin whale passed them by the ship

743
01:00:53,030 --> 01:00:55,550
But it could very well be over the horizon

744
01:00:55,600 --> 01:00:57,400
Believe it or not

745
01:00:57,500 --> 01:01:01,950
I don't know if they've ever gone whale watching or seen them on the high seas

746
01:01:02,120 --> 01:01:06,550
And if you've seen any blows, they're usually pretty good on the horizon

747
01:01:06,990 --> 01:01:10,420
What we'll do in that case is we'll write down the number of blows

748
01:01:10,710 --> 01:01:15,680
Try to define if it is the same individual that has been displaced or 
several individuals at the same time

749
01:01:15,800 --> 01:01:18,080
And, simply note "large animal"

750
01:01:18,180 --> 01:01:19,880
Big blow of a big animal

751
01:01:21,400 --> 01:01:28,280
If you look a little closer, it is important to note the approximate size of the animal

752
01:01:28,610 --> 01:01:30,280
And on the dorsal

753
01:01:30,530 --> 01:01:34,040
In dorsal size and shape

754
01:01:34,080 --> 01:01:40,370
As Patricia said, it's a good job for you to fix the image

755
01:01:40,640 --> 01:01:46,220
In your mind, and then try to reproduce it on paper, whether you're good 
or bad at drawing, it doesn't matter

756
01:01:46,550 --> 01:01:51,650
You learn that little by little, but it helps you to have a picture of what you've seen

757
01:01:51,850 --> 01:01:54,090
And then go to the guide and look it up

758
01:01:54,130 --> 01:01:57,820
And notice details that you might not have noticed if you had taken a picture of it

759
01:01:57,870 --> 01:01:59,960
Or if they just keep the memory of it.

760
01:02:00,470 --> 01:02:03,200
If you pulled the tail, what did it look like?

761
01:02:03,440 --> 01:02:07,480
There are individuals, which we'll see later, who have very characteristic tails

762
01:02:07,870 --> 01:02:11,450
If you took out the pectorals, what did they look like?

763
01:02:14,330 --> 01:02:16,420
The sperm whale

764
01:02:16,860 --> 01:02:23,020
Here in the Canary Islands, the sperm whale can be seen all year round

765
01:02:23,520 --> 01:02:27,590
There are believed to be some populations between Gran Canaria and Tenerife

766
01:02:27,830 --> 01:02:32,360
And north of La Palma, so it's not a difficult animal to see

767
01:02:32,740 --> 01:02:40,800
Characteristics of the animal: it has a single winnowing fan and 
is located in the upper left corner

768
01:02:40,900 --> 01:02:43,610
Of the square head of the animal

769
01:02:43,690 --> 01:02:48,000
So, it has a totally different shape from the rest of the cetaceans, 
as well as a distinctive one

770
01:02:48,160 --> 01:02:51,040
A forward-projecting murmur

771
01:02:51,140 --> 01:02:52,110
Careful with this

772
01:02:52,950 --> 01:02:59,280
Because if there's wind and an animal blows and the wind blows the puff away, 
it doesn't have to be a sperm whale

773
01:02:59,720 --> 01:03:04,800
So, it doesn't have to be a sperm whale only for its blow. If condition's are met, 
and you didn't see the animal's back

774
01:03:04,860 --> 01:03:10,100
No other characteristics, just pointing to "large animal" is more than enough

775
01:03:10,300 --> 01:03:16,850
Be very honest with yourself, because there's no point in trying to lie, 
you're not going to learn anything

776
01:03:17,470 --> 01:03:22,350
Another characteristic is that it is an animal with a huge head

777
01:03:22,850 --> 01:03:25,040
So, it's going to look like

778
01:03:25,510 --> 01:03:27,260
That it is a big thing

779
01:03:28,110 --> 01:03:32,080
Floating around in the sea, that if it blows, it's a sperm whale

780
01:03:33,100 --> 01:03:38,760
And then, it has another feature when they do dive cycles

781
01:03:39,010 --> 01:03:45,400
There is an amolid dorsal and many protuberances

782
01:03:45,490 --> 01:03:47,400
In the flow, I don't know if you can see it

783
01:03:48,990 --> 01:03:53,660
And then it also has a very characteristic flow rate

784
01:03:54,260 --> 01:03:59,920
A very characteristic dorsal, very triangular with a very pronounced cotaduras

785
01:04:04,460 --> 01:04:11,510
It is very common in the Canary Islands, the size is almost 20 meters, a little bit smaller in females

786
01:04:12,710 --> 01:04:18,440
This is incidental information, but it might stick and they can use it later

787
01:04:18,780 --> 01:04:23,220
Males have much larger heads in proportion to the rest of the body than females

788
01:04:24,220 --> 01:04:27,040
Save that information for later

789
01:04:27,510 --> 01:04:29,510
In case you want to take the plunge

790
01:04:29,670 --> 01:04:35,040
And the blow I was telling you about. You can review 
all of this when you download the presentation

791
01:04:35,860 --> 01:04:39,300
Fin whales are complex

792
01:04:39,600 --> 01:04:45,920
Because to tell them apart, in some species, you have to look at the carapaces

793
01:04:46,320 --> 01:04:50,000
Some grooves that they have on their heads

794
01:04:50,170 --> 01:04:53,430
And this is often not possible because the animal is far away

795
01:04:54,330 --> 01:04:58,350
Because they simply can't see each other, they can't take a picture and then analyse it

796
01:05:02,420 --> 01:05:10,150
Unless the animal is close by and they see a series of characteristics
 that define different species

797
01:05:10,400 --> 01:05:11,630
You don't have to go crazy

798
01:05:11,730 --> 01:05:18,000
The fin whales that are usually seen here, the most common ones are the Bryde's whales

799
01:05:18,520 --> 01:05:23,770
We recently arrived from El Hierro, we had a 15 day campaign there,
 and we were lucky enough to see fin whales

800
01:05:23,980 --> 01:05:27,410
And both times we saw them, they were tropical fin whales

801
01:05:27,550 --> 01:05:28,810
The ones you see most often

802
01:05:28,880 --> 01:05:30,880
How do you tell a fin whale apart?

803
01:05:31,020 --> 01:05:35,150
In an animal that can measure approximately 18 meters in length

804
01:05:35,400 --> 01:05:38,090
And that is different from the rest because, in this area

805
01:05:38,330 --> 01:05:40,090
It has three fairings

806
01:05:40,460 --> 01:05:42,610
Which we'll see later

807
01:05:47,840 --> 01:05:50,090
The Bryde's whale, the most common of them all

808
01:05:50,160 --> 01:05:53,900
That's what I was talking about

809
01:05:54,020 --> 01:05:58,560
The three fairings, which you can take pictures of and analyse

810
01:05:58,980 --> 01:06:03,150
If you're not clear on that

811
01:06:03,500 --> 01:06:09,210
You may mistake the Bryde's whale with the slightly smaller Bryde's whale

812
01:06:09,520 --> 01:06:14,450
But quite similar, and what differentiates them other than the dorsal fin?

813
01:06:14,830 --> 01:06:22,450
The dorsal fin of the tropical, if I'm not mistaken, is a little
 bit bigger and less falcate than the borealis'

814
01:06:24,450 --> 01:06:29,170
The blue fin whale, or blue whale, is the largest of all animals

815
01:06:29,300 --> 01:06:32,060
It can grow to 30 metres in extreme cases

816
01:06:32,160 --> 01:06:34,060
Not very common here

817
01:06:34,180 --> 01:06:39,590
And what characterises it is, from what I've been told 
I haven't been lucky enough to see it

818
01:06:39,720 --> 01:06:45,200
It's an animal that, when it sticks its head out and it's going to emerge, 
you can see loin, loin, loin

819
01:06:45,600 --> 01:06:49,430
And you keep seeing loin, loin, loin... until you see a ridge

820
01:06:49,600 --> 01:06:52,320
Tiny, very tiny in relation to the body

821
01:06:53,680 --> 01:07:01,200
The minke whale is the smallest of all the whales

822
01:07:01,420 --> 01:07:06,230
It is an animal that can be around 9 metres long

823
01:07:06,310 --> 01:07:08,930
And characterised by its name, the white-winged whale

824
01:07:09,040 --> 01:07:12,530
Because it has two white spots on each of its fins

825
01:07:12,720 --> 01:07:14,920
Marcel told me that he has seen it

826
01:07:15,180 --> 01:07:19,280
That you can see it pretty good, and that it can be seen pretty well

827
01:07:21,280 --> 01:07:25,150
More here that the water is transparent. 
In Galicia you can see at 300 meters

828
01:07:28,310 --> 01:07:33,410
And the famous humpback whale, which I don't know if I need to 
tell you much about this animal

829
01:07:35,400 --> 01:07:42,350
It's not going to stick its pectoral fin out to be seen, so it's not going 
to be that easy to see it

830
01:07:42,440 --> 01:07:46,200
But while the others have a more or less defined dorsal fin,
 it's not so easy to see it

831
01:07:46,240 --> 01:07:47,390
Like the blue fin whale

832
01:07:47,680 --> 01:07:58,130
The humpback or fin whale, as it is called elsewhere, does not have 
a defined dorsal fin, but a defined humpback

833
01:07:58,290 --> 01:08:02,230
It has protrusions in the head area

834
01:08:02,680 --> 01:08:04,230
Tubers

835
01:08:04,560 --> 01:08:12,630
And the pectoral fin, which can measure 4 metres, which hopefully you can see, 
and a caudal fin, also very distinctive

836
01:08:14,150 --> 01:08:18,720
One question, why do you say we're not going to be able to see the pectoral fin?

837
01:08:18,720 --> 01:08:22,090
No, of course you can see it, but it would be very lucky, 
that's what I meant

838
01:08:24,090 --> 01:08:31,470
And the right whale, that's the whale that was once seen here in the Canaries

839
01:08:31,600 --> 01:08:37,580
And that is an animal that has no dorsal fin at all

840
01:08:38,200 --> 01:08:40,320
That there are very few individuals

841
01:08:42,320 --> 01:08:47,080
And that, if they are lucky to see it, it is characterised by that

842
01:08:47,420 --> 01:08:49,500
It's blow is quite different

843
01:08:49,840 --> 01:08:53,890
The two encouraging ones are quite different from the blow

844
01:08:53,950 --> 01:08:55,890
And no dorsal fin

845
01:09:00,150 --> 01:09:04,660
Here we see it again. Here we have the fin whale, which one is this?

846
01:09:04,980 --> 01:09:08,740
The tropical, it's got all three hulls

847
01:09:09,980 --> 01:09:14,270
The northern one is quite similar but it doesn't have all three strands,
 the right whale

848
01:09:16,560 --> 01:09:22,410
And well, let's move on quickly, otherwise we won't have time to see the rest

849
01:09:23,000 --> 01:09:25,380
The medium-sized individuals

850
01:09:27,610 --> 01:09:32,960
The blow can be differentiated in some of them, as they can be

851
01:09:33,080 --> 01:09:37,580
Killer whale, but less so in others, such as the beaked whale

852
01:09:38,470 --> 01:09:42,490
This photo is from here, they are amilaes we saw in July in El Hierro

853
01:09:43,690 --> 01:09:48,190
And the killer whale, it is very characteristic. You can confuse them sometimes

854
01:09:48,260 --> 01:09:52,110
In case it's not an adult male, which has a dorsal length of up to 2 meters

855
01:09:52,160 --> 01:09:53,830
With big and fat dolphins

856
01:09:54,080 --> 01:09:58,920
In fact, it was what we thought of, because when you see an animal like 
that the first thing you think of is

857
01:09:59,070 --> 01:10:01,160
It must be a dolphin, especially from a distance

858
01:10:01,370 --> 01:10:08,000
But otherwise, they should have no problem. They're animals that the male's 
back can reach up to 2 meters

859
01:10:08,160 --> 01:10:11,130
They have the distinctive white mark behind the eye

860
01:10:11,190 --> 01:10:20,000
If you don't see it, they have another white mark here, behind the dorsal

861
01:10:20,560 --> 01:10:22,440
And white over here

862
01:10:22,510 --> 01:10:27,580
We were also lucky in December on a CETAVIST route

863
01:10:27,710 --> 01:10:29,580
From Tenerife to Gran Canaria

864
01:10:29,950 --> 01:10:34,120
Thanks to the chief engineer who warned us, we saw a killer whale

865
01:10:34,420 --> 01:10:38,470
Which passed very close to the boat. It's not the most common

866
01:10:38,930 --> 01:10:40,390
But they're not hard to spot

867
01:10:40,500 --> 01:10:46,480
And the beaked whales, which as she said are bigger animals than dolphins

868
01:10:46,720 --> 01:10:54,570
And one feature that you missed that is very important, because it can save the sighting, 
is that they have the dorsal fin on the last third of the body

869
01:10:54,890 --> 01:11:00,100
So, while you can see a dolphin, it has the dorsal fin
 in the middle of the back

870
01:11:00,190 --> 01:11:04,840
In the case of a beaked whale, we see its dorsal fin far back on its back

871
01:11:05,110 --> 01:11:07,430
It's not very big, it's like a dolphin

872
01:11:07,530 --> 01:11:10,050
A bit bigger, but with that characteristic

873
01:11:10,190 --> 01:11:12,510
Here are several species

874
01:11:12,640 --> 01:11:15,290
But the most common is the Blainville's beaked whale

875
01:11:15,500 --> 01:11:17,290
And Cuvier's beaked whale

876
01:11:20,240 --> 01:11:23,690
What I said about the tusks only occurs in adult males

877
01:11:24,060 --> 01:11:26,600
Cuvier's beaked whale is an animal

878
01:11:26,850 --> 01:11:31,420
These are two species that are of recent populations on El Hierro

879
01:11:31,660 --> 01:11:35,600
And also possibly on the rest of the islands regionally

880
01:11:36,240 --> 01:11:40,320
Cuvier's beaked whale is a fairly massive animal

881
01:11:40,480 --> 01:11:46,480
It is rounded, and usually has grey to white colouring

882
01:11:47,040 --> 01:11:51,470
In very mature animals. So, if you see a big white animal in the sea,
 it's not a beluga whale

883
01:11:51,570 --> 01:11:52,980
It's probably a Cuvier

884
01:11:54,240 --> 01:11:57,340
Because it's not the first time we've been told something like that

885
01:11:57,680 --> 01:12:02,960
And Blainville's beaked owl, on the other hand, has a very arched jaw

886
01:12:03,170 --> 01:12:05,520
Don't go crazy with these animals

887
01:12:05,920 --> 01:12:08,030
It is very difficult to determine species

888
01:12:08,240 --> 01:12:14,950
If you know that you're seeing a back with a dorsal fin it's a beaked whale 
and you point it out, that's more than enough

889
01:12:15,330 --> 01:12:16,950
They'll see it as they go along

890
01:12:21,340 --> 01:12:22,920
Let's get through this a little bit

891
01:12:28,640 --> 01:12:33,390
And the pilot whale, whoever doesn't know this species, raise your hand

892
01:12:34,800 --> 01:12:37,680
No raised hands, huh? Okay, good

893
01:12:37,830 --> 01:12:39,960
Well, this is the pilot whale

894
01:12:40,730 --> 01:12:45,140
This is the animal, I think, of the most advertised at least

895
01:12:45,180 --> 01:12:49,760
Because there's a huge recent population in south Tenerife that,
 practically everybody's gone to see

896
01:12:49,850 --> 01:12:55,570
Features of the short-finned pilot whale, is that it has a melon-shaped head

897
01:12:55,760 --> 01:13:04,150
And a fin that, if you remember, is shaped like a Smurf's beanie

898
01:13:04,430 --> 01:13:10,030
For example, when we were coming from the Iron, 
one volunteer had seen two animals

899
01:13:10,170 --> 01:13:14,240
And while describing them to us he said, "It has a dorsal like this"

900
01:13:14,490 --> 01:13:22,670
And when the animal went to dive, he saw a protuberance that 
is very characteristic of pilot whales

901
01:13:24,670 --> 01:13:27,240
They don't always have this kind of fin

902
01:13:27,240 --> 01:13:31,840
Young individuals have a more dolphin-like fin, but generally
 they do not always have this type of fin

903
01:13:32,060 --> 01:13:36,510
You're going to see something like this, a black animal with a fin like that

904
01:13:40,000 --> 01:13:48,370
Pseudorcas are quite fast animals, bigger than a dolphin

905
01:13:48,520 --> 01:13:53,470
Black and with a more rounded fin, located in the middle of the body

906
01:13:53,920 --> 01:13:57,680
I have not seen this animal myself, so I can only tell you what I have been told

907
01:13:58,160 --> 01:14:03,070
And of the small animals, they are animals that interact more with the ship

908
01:14:03,240 --> 01:14:06,950
And you can see them more than the rest of them

909
01:14:07,200 --> 01:14:10,210
In fact, sometimes they can only be seen if they come out of the water

910
01:14:10,640 --> 01:14:14,790
Here in the Canary Islands the most common are bottlenose dolphins

911
01:14:15,510 --> 01:14:20,240
The common spotted dolphin also appears every year

912
01:14:20,310 --> 01:14:24,400
The grey pilot whale, possibly a resident population in the Isleta area

913
01:14:25,090 --> 01:14:28,450
And also in Tenerife

914
01:14:28,600 --> 01:14:32,400
The listing is quite elusive, it will be quite difficult to see

915
01:14:32,500 --> 01:14:36,860
The rough-toothed dolphin also passes through here every year

916
01:14:37,910 --> 01:14:40,250
Now on El Hierro we had it every day there

917
01:14:40,700 --> 01:14:43,480
And Fraser's dolphin

918
01:14:43,530 --> 01:14:50,540
The common dolphin, just so you remember it well has what you might call, 
let me see if I can get a better photo...

919
01:14:51,460 --> 01:14:54,100
An hourglass, has this white spot

920
01:14:54,560 --> 01:14:59,640
That part over here, and it looks, sorry yellow and it looks a white one

921
01:14:59,990 --> 01:15:04,620
And another thing that maybe they don't see it in the colouring 
because they don't see it up close

922
01:15:04,620 --> 01:15:08,420
Or the animal doesn't come out of the water is that, in adults

923
01:15:08,510 --> 01:15:13,430
You can't see it very well here, but there is a clear 
triangle on the dorsal fin

924
01:15:13,670 --> 01:15:16,810
Very white, it is an animal that is about 2 and a half meters long

925
01:15:19,980 --> 01:15:23,310
And this is the largest dolphin, which is the bottlenose dolphin

926
01:15:23,420 --> 01:15:26,160
It's a powerful animal, about 4 meters long

927
01:15:26,380 --> 01:15:30,430
Don't think it's a typical animal you see in dolphinariums

928
01:15:31,220 --> 01:15:34,570
Dolphin type animals, grey, very cute, Flipper type size

929
01:15:34,680 --> 01:15:39,080
In fact, the first time I saw it, there were animals on the bow

930
01:15:39,210 --> 01:15:43,330
And all of a sudden a black monster appeared and I thought what is this?

931
01:15:43,680 --> 01:15:46,810
Well, it's an adult dolphin

932
01:15:46,950 --> 01:15:52,810
An adult dolphin is much more massive, powerful and has a rather dark oil colour

933
01:15:52,880 --> 01:15:55,820
Not black, but a very dark colour

934
01:15:55,890 --> 01:15:59,960
It is also called a bottlenose dolphin

935
01:16:00,600 --> 01:16:03,820
Because it has a rather massive and short beak

936
01:16:04,370 --> 01:16:07,850
Why is this important and not just the size?

937
01:16:08,000 --> 01:16:11,590
Because the spotted dolphin, which the only spotted are the adults

938
01:16:11,720 --> 01:16:15,880
Because in young animals they look like bottlenose, but small

939
01:16:16,040 --> 01:16:20,890
And this is not so, they are animals whose snouts are 
quite thin and elongated

940
01:16:21,000 --> 01:16:24,120
They are also smaller, the mule is about 4 meters long

941
01:16:24,350 --> 01:16:27,420
And the common and the spotted are around 2 and a half meters

942
01:16:27,490 --> 01:16:29,480
They are very sociable animals

943
01:16:29,680 --> 01:16:34,090
They are the kind that come up to the boat and play with you

944
01:16:34,170 --> 01:16:38,730
We also saw them in El Hierro, we've had a lot of sightings in the last 15 days

945
01:16:40,250 --> 01:16:43,620
And I'm telling you, sometimes they go together

946
01:16:43,690 --> 01:16:48,010
Sometimes you can see mottled and spotted together. Which are the mottled ones,
 the big fat ones?

947
01:16:48,080 --> 01:16:52,180
And the small ones, with or without spots, are going to be the mottled ones

948
01:16:52,880 --> 01:16:57,020
The rough-toothed dolphin is very distinctive, it's quite shy

949
01:16:59,310 --> 01:17:03,910
And, I think it's one of the few species they can recognize from far away

950
01:17:05,410 --> 01:17:08,850
Because they are swimming animals... Oh, there's no picture here

951
01:17:09,060 --> 01:17:13,420
They swim in formation, there can be from 3 up to 7 animals

952
01:17:13,610 --> 01:17:18,140
All in a row, and swimming at the same time. 
They come out and go in all at the same time

953
01:17:18,270 --> 01:17:23,600
In fact, the first time we saw them through the binoculars we said they were rough-toothed dolphins

954
01:17:23,750 --> 01:17:27,650
You can see how they all swim in their group, synchronised

955
01:17:27,940 --> 01:17:33,500
And up close they are recognisable because they have an elongated 
snout with no frontal cleft

956
01:17:36,420 --> 01:17:39,400
Like all other dolphins they may have

957
01:17:39,560 --> 01:17:43,660
And it is called rough teeth because it has a roughness in the jaw

958
01:17:44,330 --> 01:17:46,730
And sometimes you can also see the white lip

959
01:17:49,580 --> 01:17:54,240
The grey pilot whale, which I told you has populations in the Isleta area

960
01:17:54,410 --> 01:17:57,390
They are like a pilot whale

961
01:17:58,410 --> 01:17:59,850
But almost white

962
01:18:00,170 --> 01:18:05,320
Why? Because of the amount of scarring they do to each other

963
01:18:05,510 --> 01:18:09,140
He has a pretty big back too

964
01:18:09,280 --> 01:18:12,240
And they are very scarred

965
01:18:13,210 --> 01:18:18,440
And the kogia, which are not very common to see, they are animals

966
01:18:19,530 --> 01:18:24,130
Medium-sized ones that just tend to appear dented on the surface

967
01:18:24,400 --> 01:18:26,800
With a fairly small dorsal

968
01:18:27,910 --> 01:18:32,060
The movements, which is what I was talking about, the rough teeth are forming

969
01:18:32,320 --> 01:18:38,960
The pilot whale sometimes you see them overwhelmed at the surface because they've just come
 from a deep dive, which they do at great depth

970
01:18:39,040 --> 01:18:40,180
Over 1000 meters deep

971
01:18:40,400 --> 01:18:49,840
The spotted dolphin, which loves to jump and is very fast, and the bottlenose dolphin, 
which is also quite large and has a very prominent dorsal fin

972
01:18:52,550 --> 01:18:54,400
Here, what I was talking about the snout

973
01:18:54,490 --> 01:19:00,040
Bottlenose dolphins have a short massive snout, different from spotted dolphins

974
01:19:00,140 --> 01:19:05,120
Similar in coloration, with a slightly more elongated snout

975
01:19:05,240 --> 01:19:08,640
Rough teeth, no forehead and white lip

976
01:19:08,800 --> 01:19:12,420
The grampus, who seems to have no snout at all

977
01:19:12,970 --> 01:19:19,260
And the other species, which are less common, but can see. And, nothing else

978
01:19:19,350 --> 01:19:22,800
I hope I haven't gone on too long and that you've kept the most important things

979
01:19:22,880 --> 01:19:26,080
So, if you need anything, you can contact us

980
01:19:26,300 --> 01:19:30,300
And, another thing I wanted to tell you is that if you ever want to come onboard

981
01:19:30,370 --> 01:19:33,770
And any of us are available, you can let us know

982
01:19:34,480 --> 01:19:37,750
It's always nice to have someone with you who knows a little bit more

983
01:19:37,840 --> 01:19:41,720
We learn from every shipment too

984
01:19:41,820 --> 01:19:43,720
With experience, you always learn

985
01:19:43,850 --> 01:19:47,870
And it can be much more interesting. For example, when I go with Marcel, 
I learn a lot about birds

986
01:19:47,930 --> 01:19:49,870
If I go alone, I don't learn anything

987
01:19:49,870 --> 01:19:51,870
If you go with someone who knows, then always

988
01:19:51,970 --> 01:19:53,980
You come out knowing something else

989
01:19:54,330 --> 01:19:56,740
And that's all, thank you very much